SeaWaves Today in History August 2, 2009 1610 - British navigator Henry Hudson, in the employ of the Dutch East India Company; enters the inland sea now known as Hudson Bay, but thinks he has found the Pacific Ocean 1903 - Submarine HMS No 4 completed 1915 - Ordered, Contract 602-F, Group 1, Submarines, 5 knockdown kits, Russian AG11-15, for Imperial Russia & USSR, Hulls- British Pacific Construction & Engineering (Paterson), Barnet, BC. LOA 150ft 3in, Beam 15ft, Draught 12ft 4in, Surface 355 tons/Dived 467 tons, Twin 480HP, Non-reversible 8 Cyl Nelesco, 13kts, normal fuel load 16.4 tons/maxim 18 tons, 2800nm/10kts, 2 X 160HP 11kts 130/2kts. Last Shipment 25 Feb 1916, all completed at Baltic Works during 1916 for the Imperial Russian Navy. The Submarine, "knockdown kits" were hulls, fully assembled using bolts instead of rivets, which were marked for later re-assembly then taken apart, crated and shipped. They arrived at their destinations along with everything else needed to build the complete boat. Electric Boat provided a small supervisory building team to ensure the proper re-assembly and completion. Barnet BC is now the Barnet Marine Park in Burnaby BC below Simon Fraser University. In 1915, this location was quite remote and situated along the CPR line from Port Moody to Vancouver. Nobody told the local army commanders that submarine construction was taking place there. Therefore an expedition was mounted to uncover the facility which was felt may be the work of German sympathizers. Of course nothing came of this except egg on the faces of local military commanders for the lack of communication 1916 - Submarine HMS E48 launched 1916 - Cruiser HMS Frobisher laid down 1917 - Submarine HMS F2 completed 1917 - Squadron Commander E H Dunning of the Royal Naval Air Service made the first ever aircraft landing on a moving ship, setting his Sopwith Pup on the deck of the modified battlecruiser HMS Furious, steaming at 26 knots. No arrestor system had as yet been conceived, and Dunning's landing was assisted by crewmembers seizing toggles on the aircraft as it touched down. Sadly Dunning was killed five days later on 7 August when attempting a similar landing - the aircraft stalled and was blown over the side of the ship - but he had proved that it was possible. Further modifications were made to increase Furious' flight deck, making her in due course the first effective fleet aircraft carrier 1917 - Battle-class trawlers HMCS Festubert & St Eloi launched 1918 - U-156, a converted German mercantile submarine, attacks the schooner Donrfontein in the Bay of Fundy 1919 - Minesweeper HMC TR 13 paid off & returned to RN and sold for disposal in 1920 1919 - Submarine HMS L19 completed 1920 - Destroyer USS Pruitt launched 1920 - Destroyer USS MacLeish commissioned 1924 - Destroyer FS Tigre launched 1926 - Designer General, Academician Igor Spassky born. For many years acted as a promoter of Soviet and Russian submarines for the FIRMA Bureau 1931 - Submarine ORP Rys commissioned 1933 - Stalin’s Belomor Channel opened. Over 100,000 prisoners, mostly peasants-kulaks, were participating in the giant construction project. About 700 people were dying daily from the hard labor, but the amount of the builders did not diminish as everyday new prisoners were arriving. Submarines Dekabrist, Narodovolets and Krasnogvardeyets were transferred via the just opened Belomor Channel to Murmansk, becoming the first submarines of young Soviet Northern fleet. The submarine was visited by leaders of the Soviet Government - I.V. Stalin, K. Ye. Voroshilov and S.M. Kirov during the passage 1940 - ASW trawler HMS Cape Finisterre bombed & sunk off Harwich 1940 - At 0427, the Alexia in Convoy OB-191 was torpedoed by U-99 in position 55°30N/15°30W and fell out of convoy, where she was shelled by the same U-boat but did not sink 1940 - At 0345, the Lucerna in Convoy OB-191 was torpedoed by U-99 and later shelled, but the damaged tanker reached port and was repaired 1940 - U-99 damaged motor tanker Strinda at 55.10N, 17.16W 1940 - Corvette HMS Peony commissioned 1940 - HMS Thames was on her first war patrol when she went missing. She had sailed from Dundee on 22nd July to patrol in the North Sea. On the 22nd July Thames successfully attacked the German torpedo boat Luchs just west of the Skagerrak. The Luchs was acting as part of a screen for the battle cruiser Gneisenau, which is believed to been her original target, and that the Luchs had maneuvered between the submarine and the battle cruiser just as the former fired her torpedoes. The shortened range and the ensuing explosions may have been the cause of the loss of the Thames although the favored opinion is that the submarine struck a mine on the night of 2nd /3rd August 1940 - Norwegian whalers commissioned as minesweepers (former names retained) HMCS Star VXI, Suderoy IV, Suderoy V & Suderoy VI 1940 - "Operation Hurry" concludes. After recognizing the need to close significantly closer to Malta to successfully launch the Hurricane Is of 418 Flight on their transit flight from HMS Argus, Force H opts to launch a pre-dawn strike on Regia Aeronautica's airfield at Cagliari, Sardinia by aircraft from HMS Ark Royal. The plan calls for 9 Swordfish of 810, 188, and 820 squadrons to go after the airfield while simultaneously, 3 additional 820 Squadron Swordfish will lay mines in Cagliari. The 0230 takeoff is marred when one Swordfish of 810 Squadron crashes. Most unfortunately for those involved, the strike planes had difficulty finding their targets until after dawn. Although the harbor is successfully mined and the bombing destroyed 4 Italian aircraft and several hangers, one aircraft is downed by a defending fighter. Back with the fleet, dawn's early light sees the 12 Hurricanes and their 2 Skua II guides depart HMS Argus and, ultimately, arrive safely at Malta. Covered by Ark Royal's Skua II fighters of 800 and 803 Squadrons, the entire force sails past the rock enroute to the UK, where Force H will stay for most of the month 1941 - Submarine HMS P-48 laid down 1941 - Minesweeper HMS Tadoussac, Wedgeport launched 1941 - Light cruiser USS Miami laid down 1941 - Franklin D. Roosevelt and his cabinet have a long discussion in a cabinet meeting concerning "ways and means to sell directly or indirectly" 50 to 60 overage destroyers to the British. Everyone agrees "that the survival of the British Isles under German attack might very possibly depend on their (the British) getting these destroyers." Everyone also agrees that legislation to permit the sale of these ships is necessary 1941 - U-154 commissioned 1941 - Italian submarine Tembien rammed & sunk off Tunis by light cruiser HMS Hermione 1941 - AMC HMCS Prince Henry departed Esquimalt for Halifax 1941 - Minesweeper HMCS Courtenay launched Prince Rupert BC 1941 - Minesweeper HMCS Minas commissioned 1942 - SS Treminnard sunk by U-160 at 10.40N, 57.07W 1942 - At 0927, the unescorted Flora II was torpedoed and sunk by U-254 60 miles SE of Vestmannaoerne, Iceland. The master, 24 crewmembers, four gunners and one passenger were picked up by the Icelandic trawler Juni and landed at Reykjavik 1942 - At 0612, the unescorted Maldonado was stopped by U-510 with gunfire and sunk by a coup de grâce at 0642 1942 - Between 0048 & 0109 on 20 Jul 1942, U-66 laid one CGC, two MRB and three TMB mines in the entrance of Port Castries, St Lucia. On 29 July, a USCG cutter was damaged by a mine detonation and on 2 August the HM MTB-339 & MTB-342 were also damaged by mine detonations 1942 - Destroyer USS McKee launched 1942 - Destroyer HMCS Hamilton sighted & attacked a U-Boat; forcing it to submerge 1943 - Six men on U-218 were wounded during an attack from an RAF 547 Sqn Wellington. The boat was damaged and had to abort its mine-laying mission and arrived in Brest 6 August 1943 - U-106 sunk NW of Cape Ortegal, Spain, in position 46.35N, 11.55W, by depth charges from British and Australian Sunderland aircraft (Sqn 228/N & 461/M). 22 dead and 36 survivors 1943 - U-855, U-992 commissioned 1943 - At 2225, U-196 attacked Convoy CB-21 about 100 miles NE of Memba Bay, Tanganyika and reported one ship sunk and one left burning and in a sinking condition. However, only the City of Oran was hit. The vessel was later scuttled by gunfire of tug HMS Masterful. The master, 75 crewmembers and ten gunners were picked up by the tug and landed at Mombasa 1943 - U-1058 laid down 1943 - Patrol vessel HMS Kilham launched 1943 - Escort carrier HMS Queen launched 1943 - Escort carrier HMS Begum commissioned 1943 - Destroyer escorts USS Delbert W Halsey, Ely laid down 1943 - Frigate USS Orlando laid down 1943 - Minesweeper USS Nimble laid down 1943 - Destroyer escort USS Lansing launched 1943 - USN's Task Groups 16.6 and 16.17 commence a preinvasion bombardment of Kiska Island. TG 16.6 under Rear Admiral Wilder D. Baker consists of the heavy cruisers USS Indianapolis and Salt Lake City, light cruisers USS Detroit, Raleigh, Richmond and 5 destroyers. TG 16.17 under Rear Admiral Howard F. Kingman consists of the battleships USS Idaho, Tennessee and 4 destroyers. TG 16.6 bombards Gertrude Cove, the Main Camp, western Little Kiska Island and south Head with 1,261 rounds of 8-inch, 6-inch and 5-inch shells. TG 16.17 bombards North Head and the submarine base with 1,051 rounds of ammunition including 120 rounds of 14-inch shells. Unknown to the Americans, the Japanese have already evacuated the island 1943 - USS PT-109 sunk after being rammed by Japanese destroyer Amigiri off Kolombangara Island Blackett Strait Solomon Islands 1944 - Frigate SAS Transvaal launched 1944 - Destroyer escort USS Haas commissioned 1944 - Destroyer USS Van Valkenburgh commissioned 1944 - Frigate HMCS Loch Morlich (ex HMS Loch Morlich) commissioned 1944 - Corvette HMCS Guelph arrived New York for EG W-3 after Bermuda workups 1944 - A USN submarine attacks a Japanese convoy and sinks an army cargo ship 1944 - U-771 shot down a Norwegian 333 Sqn Mosquito 1944 - U-2337 laid down 1944 - Destroyer escort USS Fiske was part of the hunter-killer Task Group 22.6 formed around the escort carrier USS Wake Island and was detached together with the destroyer escort USS Douglas L. Howard to investigate a visual contact about 800 miles east of Cape Race, Newfoundland. The surfaced U-804 quickly dived and fired at 1536 three Gnats on the approaching ships. The first missed, but after 3 minutes the second hit the USS Fiske on her starboard side amidships and the third struck her after 4 minutes 30 seconds, breaking her in two. The survivors, among them 50 wounded men abandoned ship and were picked up by destroyer escort USS Farquhar, which took them to Argentia for medical attention and then to Boston 1944 - Coast Guard-manned Army vessel FS-188 was commissioned at New Orleans with LTJG A. R. Freedy, USCGR, her first commanding officer. She was assigned to and operated in Hawaii, Pearl Harbor, Maijuno, Eniwetok, Guam, Saipan, etc. On 3 October 1945, the commanding officer was relieved of all responsibilities and accountabilities for the vessel, Coast Guard crew was replaced by an Army crew. 1944 - Coast Guard-manned Army vessel FS-184 was commissioned at New Orleans. Her first commanding officer was LT E.G. Berdaw, USCGR. He was succeeded by LT Juan R. Root, USCGR, who in turn was succeeded by LTJG Henry P. Hancock, USCGR, on 12 September 1945. She was assigned to and operated in the Southwest Pacific area 1944 - Coast Guard-manned Army vessel FS-261 was commissioned at New York with LTJG L. W. Conover, USCGR, as first commanding officer. On 9 September 1944, she departed New York for the Southwest Pacific where she operated during the war 1944 - Submarine HMS Spearhead launched 1945 - Minesweeper HMS Mystic commissioned 1945 - Submarine HMS Springer commissioned 1945 - Destroyer HMCS Hamilton (ex HMS & USS Kalk) sold for scrapping in Baltimore 1945 - While on routine patrol, the crew of a PV-1 Ventura of the USN's Patrol Bombing Squadron One Hundred Fifty Two based on Peleliu Island in the Palau Islands, sights an oil slick with 30 men in the water. Further observation reveals another group of 150 men. These are the survivors of the heavy cruiser USS Indianapolis that was sunk by Japanese submarine HIJMS I-58 on 30 July. The crew drops their life raft and six life jackets to the men in the water and radios for assistance. PBY Catalinas and surface ships commence search missions until 8 August; they pick up 316 survivors 1945 - USS Charrette & Conner make radar contact with a ship which they track through the night, finding in the morning that it was the Japanese hospital ship Tachibana Maru. A search party from USS Charrette boards the ship and finds able-bodied troops and arms and ammunition in boxes marked with red crosses; the troops are made prisoners of war. A prize crew of 80 marines and sailors is placed aboard the Japanese ship and it is taken to Naval Advance Base Morotai in the Netherlands East Indies arriving on 6 August 1945 - Off the Malay Peninsula, submarine USS Bugara, on her third war patrol, encounters a Japanese schooner manned by a Chinese crew being attacked by Malay pirates; the pirates fire at the submarine and then attempt to escape. The sub crew takes off the Chinese crew, sinks the schooner with gunfire and then pursues the pirates and disposes of them 1947 - HMCS Warrior departed Halifax for UK, with 19 CAG personnel for training on Hawker Sea Fury Mk 10 & Firefly FB IV Sea Fury. The Centaurus was a radial engine; however, two prototypes had Roll Royce Griffon in-line engines. The saga unfolded as follows: The Fury was designed to be a lightweight version of the Hawker Tempest and to meet the requirements of joint Air Ministry/Admiralty specifications F2/43 and N7/43. Hawker was to design and develop the land-based version and Bolton Paul was to convert the landplane into a carrier-borne form. By Dec 43 six prototypes had been ordered, one was powered by the Bristol Centaurus XII radial engine and two with the Bristol Centaurus XXII, and two with the Rolls Royce Griffon Vee engine, while the sixth was to be a test airframe. First to fly was the Centaurus XII prototype on 1 Sep 44, followed by the Griffon 85-engined prototype on 27 Nov 44. This a/c was later reengined with a Napier Sabre VII H-type engine. Production contracts were placed for 200 airframes for the RAF and a similar number of Sea Fury fighters for the Fleet Air Arm, including 100 to be built by Boulton Paul, but the RAF order was cancelled at the end of the Second World War. Development of the Sea Fury continued with the first prototype having flown on 21 Feb 45 with the Centaurus XII engine. The first fully navalized version was powered by the Centaurus XV that first flew on 12 Oct 45. The Boulton Paul contract was cancelled in Jan 45 and of the 100 Sea Furies that remained on order the first fifty were completed as Sea Fury F. Mk 10 pure fighters. In May 48 the first of 615 Sea Fury FB Mk 11's became operational; 35 of these were sold to the RCN 1945 - While operating together HMS Seadog and HMS Shalimar sink a Japanese tug and a barge with gunfire in the southern part of the Strait of Malacca 1945 - HMS Thorough sinks a Japanese sailing vessel with gunfire off Bali 1950 - Amphibious force ships land Marine First Provisional Brigade at Pusan, Korea helping to save this last area of South Korea from capture 1951 - Destroyer HMCS Athabaskan departed Esquimalt for Korea 1953 - Destroyer HMCS Cayuga departed Seattle WA for Esquimalt BC 1958 - More than 1,500 former U-boat men gather in Hamburg. Among them for the first time is Grossadmiral Donitz 1962 - HMS Battleaxe CTL after collision with HMS Ursa in Clyde Estuary 1964 - Three North Vietnamese PT boats attack USS Maddox in international waters in Gulf of Tonkin. Maddox sinks one 1965 - Chilean patrol craft Leucoton CTL after grounding on sandbank in storm 1966 - USS Coral Sea port call Pearl Harbor 1966 - USS Kearsarge port call Sasebo 1969 - USS Oriskany port call Subic Bay 1969 - USS Hancock commenced Vietnam deployment 1970 - BC ferry Queen of Victoria and Soviet freighter Sergey Yesinen collide in Active Pass 1970 - USS Bon Homme Richard port call Yokosuka 1971 - USS Enterprise port call Subic Bay 1990 - Iraq invades Kuwait, six US Navy Middle East Force ships in Persian Gulf (continuous Middle East Force presence since 1949). USS Independence Carrier Battle Group is in Indian Ocean and USS Dwight D. Eisenhower Carrier Battle Group is in the Mediterranean 1991 - Viking replica Gaia reaches Norse settlement site for 1,000th anniversary of Leif Eriksson's landing; Vinland Revisited expedition left Norway May 17 1995 - 234-foot gambling ship Club Royale sank 90 miles east of Cape Canaveral during Hurricane Erin. An HU-25 Falcon from AIRSTA Miami responded to the distress signal sent out by the vessel's EPIRB, although the usual registration information did not come over the wire as a registered EPIRB 2004 - USCGC Attu redelivered after Deepwater modernization 2005 - At 0520 Falmouth Coastguard made contact with two merchant vessels after a collision 45 miles southeast of Lizard Point. Falmouth Coastguard are sending the Coastguard Tug Anglian Prince and the Lizard RNLI all weather lifeboat to attend the scene and offer any assistance required. The vessels involved are a Bahamas registered small cargo vessel Dogger with 5 persons on board and 1,000 tons of fish meal on board and the larger Greek container vessel called Sierra Express with 30 persons on board. The Dogger is now underway towards Falmouth and the Sierra Express has resumed passage to Port Of Spain. There is no pollution reported at the scene from either vessel and there are no crew injuries. The location of the vessel collision is within French waters 2005 - At 0615 Humber Coastguard were contacted by the race organizers who have been able to make contact with the skipper of the Polish sailing vessel Smialy this morning. The skipper reports that the vessel and crew are safe and well. They are making their way to Heligoland, Germany. The skipper had reported that he had had a radio problem, preventing successful broadcasts 2005 - A 16-year old boy was rescued from the water near Port Townsend WA after his kayak overturned. The Jefferson County 911 center notified the Coast Guard about 1730 that the boy was in the water. A 41-foot motor lifeboat from Coast Guard Station Neah Bay was diverted to assist. About 15 minutes later, a nearby boater pulled the boy from the 53-degree waters. The boy was safely transported to shore where he was evaluated by emergency medical technicians and then released 2005 - A SAR helicopter was called to the aid of a crewmember of a fishing vessel. Flight Lieutenant Adam Shipley of 78 Squadron said his crew received the initial call at about 0830 as they were on the way to work. The brief was to rescue a 30-year-old male crewman aboard the Spanish fishing vessel Kalatxri. Flt Lt Shipley said the man had suffered a “broken ankle and amputated four of his fingers.” The initial position put the vessel about 50 nautical miles to the north of Stanley in a sea state five. There was a 400ft cloud base with about 2km visibility and wind from 050 degrees at 35 knots. Flt Lt Shipley, copilot Flt Lt Mark Randall, Radio Operator Sgt Andy Catterall and Winchman Andy Rowlands arrived at the vessel at 1000. The Winchman was lowered down to the bow of the vessel. Flt Lt Shipley said, “Unfortunately the casualty had been put right down in the lowest part of the ship so the winch man required a stretcher to carry the rather large man up to the top deck for recovery. Once that had taken place the stretcher was recovered and then the casualty and winch man at the same time.” Winchman Andy Rowlands splinted the casualty’s ankle, dressed his hand and, said Flt Lt Shipley, “put his missing fingers in ice.” Casualty was safely in the King Edward VII Memorial Hospital in Stanley shortly after 1100 2006 - American Commercial Lines Inc. christened MV Warren E. Bourgeois at the new Houston Fleet Facility in Channelview, Texas 2006 - Japan has informed South Korea through diplomatic channels of its intention to carry out a radioactive waste survey around a pair of disputed islets in the Sea of Japan 2006 - A day after it was announced that Gen. Yasar Büyükanit, as expected, would replace Gen. Hilmi Özkök as Turkey's chief of general staff, the Supreme Military Council (YAS) met to begin its annual deliberations on promotions, dismissals and various military issues 2006 - A disabled merchant vessel sank near an ONGC platform in Bombay High without damaging the oil rig and its 28-member crew was rescued in a joint operation by the Navy and Coast Guard. The cargo vessel MV Oel Vision passed clear of the rig and sank early today and there was no damage to any installation, an official statement said. The ship, carrying 268 containers, had been stranded nearly a nautical mile from the oil platform and had posed a threat to the rig 2006 - 47 foot fin keel yacht Cariad got into difficulty late this afternoon, and requested the assistance of the Coastguard. The Yacht had 3 people aboard and was situated off Scarweathersands, Porthcawl. Swansea Coastguard received a MAYDAY call VHF channel 16 at approximately 1710 from the skipper of the vessel, stating they were taking in water. A Rescue helicopter from RAF Chivenor was scrambled and the Porthcawl inshore and Mumbles all weather lifeboats were requested to launch. Barry Dock RNLI lifeboat also responded as it was on exercise in the area 2006 - USCG and NOAA will oversee the salvage of MV Albion in the Monterey Bay National Marine Sanctuary. Albion sank in 180 feet of water on January 31, 2005 two miles north of Monterey Harbor and has remained there ever since. The owner has not salvaged the vessel during the past eighteen months. Therefore, in order to remove the threat of pollution from the Sanctuary, the Coast Guard and NOAA have taken over the operation 2006 - Experts appointed by an Indian court have cleared the entry of a French ocean liner into a ship-breaking yard, a senior official said. The Blue Lady, owned by an Indian firm, can now be towed to the world's largest ship-breaking yard in Alang in the state of Gujarat and dismantled. It was formerly the SS France and then the SS Norway. Environmental groups say the ship contains 1,200 tonnes of asbestos and other toxic materials 2006 - Chicago Bridge & Iron, (CBI), has bought the shipyard in Beaumont that is best known as Bethlehem Beaumont, although it had at least three owners before Bethlehem and at least three more since. CBI will use it as a construction base for its contract to build the Golden Pass LNG terminal at Sabine Pass 2006 - Fishermen on board a Sea Harvest deepsea trawler escaped unscathed when their vessel collided with a giant ore carrier about 64km off Saldanha. The 1 500-horsepower 46m Sea Harvest Tamara had 24 crewmembers onboard when the collision with the Anangel Splendour occurred at 10.30pm. The crewmembers were all rescued before the ship sank. The SA Maritime Safety Authority (Samsa) is conducting a full investigation into the cause of the accident 2006 - Petty Officer 2nd Class Marc A. Lee, 28, of Hood River OR was killed during combat operations while on patrol in Ramadi, Iraq. Lee was an aviation ordnanceman and a member of a West Coast-based SEAL Team 2006 - USS Nevada was submerged when it caught and severed a 500-foot line between the tugboat Phyllis Dunlap and one of two barges being towed from Honolulu to Seattle with a load of empty containers 2007 - RFA Lyme Bay completes her sea trials and handed over to the RFA 2007 - HMAS Ballarat sent from Jervis Bay, 1050km away on the NSW south coast, in answer to a distress call yesterday from a stricken yacht taking on water. The yacht, which has one British man aboard, had run aground on Elizabeth Reef 185km from Lord Howe Island 2007 - USCG Commandant Admiral Thad Allen will testify before the House Transportation and Infrastructure Committee Subcommittee on Coast Guard and Maritime Transportation on the Coast Guard’s marine safety program 2007 - Secretary of Defense Robert M. Gates announced the President has made the following nominations: Navy Adm. Gary Roughead nominated for reappointment to the grade of admiral and assignment as chief of naval operations. Navy Rear Adm. Carl V. Mauney nominated for appointment to the grade of vice admiral and assignment as deputy commander, US Strategic Command, Offutt AFB 2007 - Keppel Offshore & Marine Limited (Keppel O&M) officially opened its new wholly-owned subsidiary, Keppel Nantong Shipyard Co. Ltd (Keppel Nantong), in Nantong, China. Mr Luo Yi Min, Party Secretary of Communist Party of China (CPC) Nantong Committee, graced the occasion as the Guest-of-Honor, joined by 300 guests. The ceremony was landmarked by the sale of two 45-tonne Azimuth Stern Drive tugboats to Kuwaiti owner, Arabian Gulf Mechanical Services & Contracting (AGMS). The tugboats will be delivered in September this year 2007 - A team from the Naval Historical Center wrapped up a four-day visit collecting oral histories about the Navy Customs Battalion missions at the Navy Expeditionary Logistics Support Group (NAVELSG) in Williamsburg VA 2007 - Two divers from Gloucestershire whose bodies were found on a wreck off Cornwall have been named. David White, 42, from Rodborough, and Kaye Moss, 43, from Cam, had gone to explore the bow of the Scylla wreck in Whitsand Bay Copyright 2009 Shirlaw News Group ISSN 1710-6966 Today in History Archives This information is licensed to the recipient only. Images may be subject to copyright. Ask before you right-click. Royal Navy photos are Courtesy of www.oldships.org.uk unless otherwise indicated. To contact us: 418-145 West Keith Rd North Vancouver BC V7M 1L3 Canada Phone: 778-968-7447