SeaWaves Today in History November 11, 2008 1620 - Forty-one Pilgrims aboard the Mayflower, anchored off Massachusetts, signed a compact calling for a ''body politick.'' This was the famous "Mayflower Compact", which in everyday American history is commonly put out as the forerunner of the Declaration of Independence and Constitution, and it did have a few similar features. However, it was not quite the intentionally noble document usually attributed; it was in fact an ad hoc agreement stressfully pounded out at the last minute to squelch increasingly harsh conflicting concerns bordering on uproar that amounted to incipient mutiny among passengers, crew, and the vessel's captain 1775 - Guy Carleton, Lord Dorchester 1724-1808 evacuates Montreal for Quebec as the American invaders land at Île St-Paul, then the following day at Pointe St-Charles, capturing the city on the 13th 1813 - British Col. Joseph Morrison and Royal Navy Captain William Mulcaster defeat an American invasion force of over 7,000 led by General James Wilkinson at the Battle of Crysler's Farm. Wilkinson's flotilla left Sackett's Harbor in late October and landed on the Canadian side of the Long Sault rapids. With only 800 British regulars of the 49th and 89th Regiments, plus some Canadian militia and Indians, Morrison moves to attack 1,800 Americans of the 25th Infantry Regiment under Brown at Crysler's Farm 30 km west of Cornwall; at the same time, Captain William Mulcaster's gunboats fire shrapnel and grapeshot on General John Park Boyd's flotilla of 4,000 American troops trying to descend the rapids toward Montreal, which helps Morrison land his troops at Crysler's Farm. In the first skirmish, the Americans take 400 casualties to the British 200. Wilkinson could have pressed on against Morrison, but when he gets a message that General Wade Hampton and his army of 4,200 were defeated at Châteauguay Oct. 26, he calls off the invasion, since Hampton was supposed to meet him downstream for the attack on Montreal. Hampton later resigned when Wilkinson blamed him for the failure of the campaign; Wilkinson was then relieved of his command 1870 - Navy expedition to explore the Isthmus of Tehuantepec, southern Mexico, commanded by CAPT Robert W. Shufeldt, enters the Coatzacoalcos River to begin a survey for possible interoceanic canal. Support provided by USS Kansas and USS Mayflower 1881 - The crew of Life-boat Station No. 14, Eleventh District (Racine, WI rendered service during the severest storm of the season The life-saving crew noticed several vessels running north for safety under bare poles and two of them made safely into the harbor. Observing this, the master of the schooner Lavinda tried to make the same haven, but the vessel became unmanageable, struck the south pier, immediately became waterlogged, and in five minutes was a wreck. The life-saving crew sprang for the lifeboat and put out to her assistance. They got alongside and managed to run a line from the wrecked vessel to the station tug H. Wetzel, which had steamed out to her relief. The tug soon towed her into the harbor 1889 - Washington is admitted as the 42nd state to the United States of America 1917 - Destroyer USS Little launched 1918 - Cruiser HMS Carlisle commissioned 1918 - Destroyer USS Evans commissioned 1918 - Destroyer HMS Wryneck commissioned 1918 - Armistice ends World War I 1919 - Destroyer USS John D Ford laid down 1919 - Destroyers HMS Witch & Wren launched 1920 - Lenah S. Higbee becomes the first woman to be awarded the Navy Cross. It was awarded for her World War I service 1921 - Washington Naval Conference begins 1922 - In Munich Putsch (Germany), General Ludendorff and an Austrian corporal named Adolph Hitler were arrested after a short parade proclaiming the overthrow of the government. Hitler was sent to Landsburg prison where he wrote Mein Kampf (My Battle), a vicious harangue against democracy, communism, the Versailles "diktat" and, of course, the Jews as the root of all evil. The book became the "Bible" of the Nazis, and was published in almost every major country. Hitler himself soon rose (1925) to become leader of the Nazi Party 1930 - Submarine HMS Regent commissioned 1935 - U-27 laid down 1936 - Destroyer HMS Hasty commissioned 1939 - Minesweeper FS La Curieuse launched 1939 - U-69 laid down 1940 - U-159 laid down 1940 - Minesweeper USS Raven commissioned 1940 - Destroyer USS Ludlow launched 1940 - Oiler HMCS Sunbeam commissioned. Bunker Vessel, 589/11, ex-D.M. Hopper Barge No.4, ex-M&F Hopper Barge No.4, ex-Foremost 19, arrived Canada circa 1920, #132590, Purchased. Sunbeam's Log - Built Port Glasgow, NS, Launched 1911, Yard #90, converted at Marine Industries Ltd, Sorel PQ, hull Log - jn - 89, 589 tons, 178x33.5x12ft, 6kts, crew 2/27. Post WW.II, sold 1947, 1949 renamed Oakbranch, 1971 broken up. (M&F=Ministry of Marine & Fisheries, & D.M.=Dept of Marine) 1940 - From Alexandria, Adm. Cunningham, with Malaya, Ramillies, Valiant and Warspite, carrier Illustrious, cruisers and destroyers, sails to cover convoys to Crete and Malta. HMS Eagle has to be left behind because of defects caused by earlier bombing. Force H, in a separate operation called 'Coat', supports the passage of battleship Barham, two cruisers and three destroyers through from the west to reinforce the Mediterranean Fleet. Troops are also carried to Malta at this time from Gibraltar. The British Mediterranean Fleet meets its new members and covers the return of an empty ship convoy from Malta. On the 11th a cruiser force is detached for what turns out to be a successful attack on Italian shipping in the Strait of Otranto 1940 - HMS Illustrious meanwhile, escorted by cruisers and destroyers, heads for a position 170 miles to the SE of Taranto. All six battleships of the Italian Navy are at anchor there. That night HMS Illustrious launches two waves of Swordfish, some of which belong to HMS Eagle. The total of no more than 20 aircraft of 813, 815, 819 and 824 Squadrons hit 'Conte di Cavour' and 'Caio Diulio' with one torpedo each and the brand new 'Littorio' with three. All three battleships sink at their moorings and 'Cavour' is never recommissioned, all for the loss of just two Swordfish 1940 - German Merchant raider Atlantis claims 13th victim - Automedon (1) was built in 1922 by Palmer's Shipbuilding & Iron Co. at Jarrow with a tonnage of 7628GRT, a length of 459ft 4in, a beam of 58ft 4in and a service speed of 14 knots. Sister of the Eumaeus she was built for the Ocean Steam Navigation Co. When sailing between the Nicobar Islands and Ceylon the German armed merchant cruise Atlantis under the command of Kapitan Bernhard Rogge was spotted some 18 miles distance in a sea that was like glass. The two ships converged and when some 4600 yards apart the Atlantis swung to starboard, cleared for action and fired a warning shot. Immediately, the Automedon began to radio for assistance sending 'RRR Automedon 0416N' before the transmission was jammed and the Atlantis opened fire. The Atlantis was an experienced AMC and her gunfire extremely accurate. Her first shells demolished the bridge killing everybody there including her master, Capt. W. B. Ewan. Three further salvoes scored eleven hits before the Atlantis ceased firing. The Automedon was still steaming at full speed and a man on board attempted to reach the stern gun to return fire. Three more salvoes hit the ship killing the gunner and stopping the ship. A boarding party from the Atlantis found a complete shambles with all the ships paper destroyed with the exception of those in the safe. Examination of the holds revealed a cargo worth millions to the Allied war effort. Bound for Penang, Singapore, Hong Kong and Shanghai she was carrying aircraft, cars, machinery spares, bicycles, microscopes, service uniforms, steel and copper sheets, cameras, sewing machines as well as beer, whisky cigarettes and food supplies. There were also 120 mailbags. Rogge was concerned about the situation as both ships were stationary in a relatively busy shipping lane and another ship observing the scene would quickly guess what was happening and send a radio message before any action could be taken by the Atlantis. He therefore set a time limit of 3 hours during which time 31 British and 56 Chinese crewmembers, 3 passengers including a woman, their possessions, all the frozen meat and food together with the ship's papers and the mail bags. The British crewmembers were appreciative of Rogge's gesture regarding possessions and assisted with the transfer of food but nothing else. They did, however, indicate where 550 cases of whisky were stored in the No.3 hold as well as helping to locate 2.5 million Chesterfield cigarettes. Among the 56 Chinese crewmembers were twenty or so who had been picked up from Lawther & Latter's Anglo-Saxon, which had been sunk earlier in the North Atlantic. They were on their way home to Hong Kong and Rogge was impressed by their phlegmatic stoicism. As the stores were being loaded the safe was forced and the contents extracted. Because the bridge party was killed at the onset of the action the secret documents could not be destroyed. Amongst the papers were Admiralty Sailing Instructions, the Merchant Navy Code and Deciphering Tables 7, 8 and 9. To Rogge's further astonishment, when two mail bags marked ' Safe Hand, British Master Only' were opened, he found mail for the Commander-in-Chief, Far East which included Cabinet papers suggesting a defense of the Far East and a review of the European situation at the time. He also found detailed maps of minefields, new fleet cipher tables plus a number of coded documents. The contents of the two mail bags was so comprehensive that the Japanese later believed them to be fakes, put on board a British merchant ship in order to mislead the enemy. Rogge then thought that he could tow the Automedon out of the shipping lanes but his engineers reported that the steering gear had been totally wrecked so the concept had to be abandoned. Consequently, time bombs were placed aboard the Automedon and at 15.07 hours she became the thirteenth victim of the Atlantis as she sank by the stern. The survivors eventually reach Bordeaux in the captured Norwegian tanker Storstad 1941 - Minesweeper HMCS Swift Current commissioned 1941 - Minesweeper HMCS Drummondville arrived Halifax from builder Montreal PQ 1941 - Minesweepers HMCS Mahone & Chedabucto departed Esquimalt for Halifax 1941 - Destroyer USS Farenholt launched 1941 - U-353 launched 1941 - U-561 sank SS Meridian in Convoy SC-53 1941 - U-580 sunk in the Baltic Sea near Memel, in position 55.45N, 20.40E, after a collision with the target ship Angelburg. 12 dead and 32 survivors 1941 - Battleship HIJMS Musashi launched 1942 - Transport USS Joseph Hewes sunk after being torpedoed by U-173 off Fedala Morocco 1942 - U-160 sank SS City of Ripon 1942 - U-407 sank SS Viceroy of India in Operation Torch 1942 - U-380 sank SS Nieuw Zeeland in Operation Torch 1942 - U-173 damaged USS Hambleton & Winooksi and sank USS Joseph Hewes (pictured) in Convoy UGF-1 1942 - U-532 commissioned 1942 - Escort carrier HMS Begum launched 1942 - Destroyers USS Stockton, Stevenson, Schroeder & Ringgold launched 1942 - Submarine USS Tullibee launched 1942 - Submarine HMS Stubborn launched 1942 - ASW trawler HMS Sapper launched 1942 - Frigate HMCS Wentworth laid down Esquimalt BC 1942 - Corvette HMCS Owen Sound laid down Collingwood ON 1942 - HMC ML 087 commissioned 1942 - Destroyer escorts USS Osterhaud & Parks laid down 1942 - U-354 lost one man overboard [Fähnrich zur See Horst Mayen] 1942 - Minesweeper USS Salute laid down 1942 - Minesweeper USS Staff commissioned 1942 - Submarine HMS Unbeaten attacked and sunk in error by RAF Wellington of No.172 Squadron, Coastal Command. All hands lost. On patrol in Bay of Biscay for German raiders, supply ships and U-boats on passage 1942 - Submarine FS Sidi Ferruch sunk off Fedhala Roads, Morocco by aircraft from escort carrier USS Suwannee 1942 - The Royal Indian Navy minesweeper Bengal, armed with a single small 12-pounder gun, and the Dutch tanker Ondina, armed with a single 4" gun, won a remarkable victory over two heavily armed Japanese raiders, each carrying six 6" guns, torpedoes and aircraft. The raiders attacked the Allied ships in the Indian Ocean, but Bengal charged at them, setting one of the raiders on fire - she subsequently sank. Ondina was heavily shelled and hit by two torpedoes, but drove the other raider off. Although Ondina's crew then abandoned her, they later re-embarked, put out the fires and brought her into Fremantle 1942 - German troops entered unoccupied France 1942 - Japanese merchant raiders attack the Indian minesweeper Bengal and tanker Ondina. Bengal sinks the Hokoku Maru and drives off the Aikoku Maru. The Allied ships mount 1 four inch and 1 three inch gun, against 6 six inch guns on both of the Japanese ships 1942 - Admiral Halsey orders Admiral Kincaid to get carrier USS Enterprise underway and to "be prepared to strike enemy targets in Cactus [Guadalcanal] area" 1943 - Frigate HMCS Buckingham laid down 1943 - Submarine HMS Seawolf arrived Bermuda for ASW training 1943 - Minesweeper HMS Lysander launched Port Arthur ON 1943 - Frigate HMCS Teme (ex-HMS Teme) launched South Bank-on-Tees UK 1943 - Destroyer escorts USS Hubbard & Hayter launched 1943 - Sloop HMS Mermaid launched 1943 - Frigate HMS Somaliland launched 1943 - Submarine HMS Voracious launched 1943 - Minesweeper USS Pivot launched 1943 - Submarine USS Bluegill commissioned 1943 - Destroyer escort USS Wesson commissioned 1943 - U-250, U-873, U-1202 launched 1943 - U-516 sank SS Pompoon 1943 - Two Carrier Task Forces strike Japanese shipping at Rabaul, sinking one carrier and damaging other ships. Raid was first use of SB2C Curtiss Helldivers in combat 1943 - 50 German aircraft sink 3 transports and one tanker of an Allied convoy east of Oran 1943 - US Admirals Sherman & Montgomery lead two separate US task forces in a successful strike against Rabaul 1944 - Frigate HMCS Victoriaville commissioned 1944 - Corvette HMCS Parry Sound arrived St. John's from work ups Bermuda 1944 - Corvette HMS Alnwick Castle commissioned 1944 - U-3035 laid down 1944 - Minesweeper HMS Mystic launched 1944 - Frigate HMS Veryan Bay 1944 - Destroyer escort USS Williams commissioned 1944 - U-2348, U-3517, U-3518 launched 1944 - U-3010, U-3510 commissioned 1944 - Submarine USS Scamp sunk by depth charges from a Japanese coast defense vessel south of Tokyo Bay. All hands lost 1944 - U-771 sunk in the Arctic in the Andfjord near Harstad, Norway, in position 69.17N, 16.28E, by torpedoes from submarine HMS Venturer. 51 dead (all hands lost) 1944 - U-1200 sunk south of Ireland, in position 50.24N, 09.10W, by depth charges from the British corvettes HMS Pevensey Castle, HMS Lancaster Castle, HMS Porchester Castle and HMS Kenilworth Castle. 53 dead (all hands lost) 1944 - U-1163 set up a weather station in northern Norway 1944 - An air strike from US naval TF 38 hits a Japanese convoy off Ormoc, Philippine Islands, sinking 4 destroyers, a minesweeper and 5 transports with almost 10,000 troops 1944 - Tonight a US naval TF of cruisers and destroyers will shell Iwo Jima in the Bonin Islands located 600 miles from Tokyo 1944 - Submarine USS Scamp probably sunk by Japanese patrol vessel off Tokyo Bay 1944 - USS PT-321 grounded in enemy waters and destroyed to prevent capture San Isidro Bay Leyte 1945 - USS LST-808 grounded after damage by Japanese aircraft off Ie Shima Ryukyu Islands 18 May 1945 destroyed 1954 - November 11 designated as Veterans Day to honor veterans of all US wars 1955 - USCGC Yocona, when 60 to 70 mph winds and heavy seas with 30 feet swells made it impossible to launch lifeboats some fifty miles off Cape Lookout Oregon, pulled alongside the sinking fishing vessel Ocean Pride, thus allowing its crewmembers to jump aboard the cutter to safety 1959 - RCN Banshee a/c #126400 of VF 870 lost in faulty catapulting off HMCS Bonaventure. Pilot recovered safely 1966 - Launch of Gemini 12, with CDR James A. Lovell, Jr., USN the command Pilot. Mission lasted 3 days, 22 hours and 34 minutes and included 59 orbits at an altitude of 162.7 nautical miles. Recovery by HS-11 helicopter from USS Wasp 1966 - USS Constellation port call Subic Bay 1972 - USS Kitty Hawk port call Sasebo 1981 - Commissioning of first Trident-class Nuclear Powered Fleet Ballistic Missile Submarine, USS Ohio 2002 - USS Chafee christened at Bath Iron Works – first time a US warship christened in water 2003 - USS Ronald Reagan conducts maiden port call to Fort Lauderdale FL 2004 - ¼ scale model of the DDX leaves Northrop Grumman for trials at Aberdeen 2004 - First KDX-III destroyer equipped with Aegis laid down at Hyundai Heavy Industries 2004 - First of six Israeli Super Dvora MK III commissioned at Ashdod 2004 - The Navy formally accepted ownership of a memorial dedicated to Sailors who gave their lives aboard submarines during a Veterans Day ceremony at Naval Weapons Station Seal Beach. The US Submarine Veterans of World War II established the World War II National Submarine Memorial - West, May 30, 1977, to honor their comrades on eternal patrol. In a letter dated May 27, Secretary of the Navy Gordon England accepted the memorial as a gift from the submariners’ group, but the transfer was not formalized until the Veterans Day ceremony 2005 - A Russia-made Murena-e air-cushion landing craft arrives in Incheon as part of the Russian government's repayment of a loan to Korea under an economic cooperation project between the two countries. Murena-e, a fast naval vessel weighing 105 tons with a maximum speed of 55 knots per hour, left Khabarovsk for Incheon on Oct. 14. It will be formally delivered to the Korean Navy later this month following an inspection, equipment loading and test operations. Two more Murena-e vessels will be transferred to Korea under the loan repayment scheme by 2006. The Navy will use them to salvage aircraft and ships stranded in shallow waters and on wet land. They will also be used to transport personnel and materials. Last May, the Navy sent 24 men to Russia's Naval Education Center and a shipping dock in Khabarovsk for training in the maintenance and operation of Murena-e vessels 2005 - The flagship of the Russian polar flotilla Akademik Fyodorov will leave St. Petersburg on Friday heading for Antarctica. The ship will be carrying 150 members of the 51st Antarctic Expedition. During the 185-day voyage Akademik Fyodorov will make two calls at Russia's Mirny and Progress stations and visit the seasonal field bases Molodyozhnaya and Druzhnaya-4 and also the Novolazarevskaya station. The main purposes of the voyage are to replace the personnel of the stations, organize seasonal field studies at the stations and bases, bring supplies to the facilities and conduct ocean studies in Commonwealth Bay 2005 - Philippine Navy officials activated a naval detachment for maritime security and to catch illegal fishermen, pirates, and illegal entrants, according to a Sun Star report. The Glan detachment, which is part of the naval forces in eastern Mindanao based in Davao City would also watch over maritime vessels passing to and from Makar Wharf in nearby General Santos City. The naval detachment backs up the naval coast watch station at Tinaka Point, also in Glan, and floating assets deployed thereat, according to the report. In June, a modern naval facility opened at Tinaka Point in Barangay Batulaki for a 24-hour watch over major sea routes in Sarangani and General Santos City 2005 - Japan's Ambassador to Russia Issei Nomura approached Russian Foreign Minister Sergei Lavrov with a request that the Japanese fishing boat arrested November 2 be released, the Japanese embassy in Moscow said. The boat was arrested near the coast of Kunashir, the southernmost of Russia's Kuril Islands north of Japan, four of which have been the center of a Russian-Japanese dispute since the end of World War II. Five crewmembers were sent to a detention center in Yuzhno-Kurlisk. Lavrov promised the ambassador he would try to solve this problem. According to the Russian Foreign Ministry, Russian border guards found illegal catch on the vessel. The Russian-Japanese 1998 intergovernmental agreement stipulates that Japanese fishermen may catch certain fish species and laminaria in the Russian territorial waters in certain seasons 2005 - Fisheries minister Ben Bradshaw has condemned Japan's decision to go ahead with its whaling program in the Southern Ocean. The lethal program, known as JARPA II, will start within days as the Japanese ships have already left for the ocean off Antarctica. Under the program, Japan plans to increase its minke whale kill from 440 to 935 annually. It will also kill 10 fin whales this year and 10 next. From 2007-08, Japan plans to increase the kill of fin whales to 50 and then include 50 humpback whales annually 2005 - Reuters has reported that Somali pirates attacked five more ships this week after a failed attempt to seize a luxury liner, in a sharp rise of banditry apparently directed by a mysterious "mother ship" prowling the Indian Ocean. Most vessels escaped, but one was commandeered, bringing to nine the number of vessels being held captive along with their crews by pirates working the lawless southern section of the failed state's coastline, Africa's longest. Officials said five vessels were attacked this week following Saturday's attempt to board the Bahamas-registered Seabourn Spirit, which was carrying 151 Western tourists. Rocket-propelled grenades and assault rifles were fired at the US-owned Spirit by gunmen in two small speedboats, but the ship's captain managed to change course and speed away. At the center of the wave of recent attacks is a mysterious, so-called mother ship that has been spotted three times since late July drifting off the northeast coast of Somalia. After the failed raid on the Spirit, Mwangura said the pirates apparently raced back to the "mother ship," which then set off in an unsuccessful bid to catch the fleeing cruise ship. The International Maritime Bureau (IMB) said this week the situation was completely out of control and very dangerous. After two years of relative calm, IMB said 32 pirate attacks had been recorded since mid-March, including raids on ships carrying supplies for the U.N. World Food Program. Mwangura said nine ships were being held hostage by pirates, including vessels registered in Thailand, Taiwan, Malta and Ukraine. More than 100 crewmembers were being held for ransom. Somalia has been ruled by rival warlords since dictator Mohammed Siad Barre was overthrown in 1991. Many of the warlords are believed to run gangs who smuggle drugs, weapons and people by road, sea and air around the region. On Wednesday the UN Security Council scolded Somalia's squabbling government and urged rival factions to come together to confront the chaos and piracy plaguing the lawless nation 2005 - New Chilean submarine Carrera began sea trials at Cartagena, Spain 2005 - The Washington State Department of Ecology issued a News Release stating that an oil tanker en route from Port Angeles to Anacortes with a cargo of jet fuel experienced engine trouble and was escorted back to Port Angeles for repairs. The USCG subsequently allowed the tanker to depart for Anacortes 2005 - K-Sea Transportation Partners LP reported today that it has initiated responsive action to an incident involving the tug/barge combination Rebel/DBL152 in the US Gulf of Mexico. The Company initiated its Vessel Response Plan after the Master of the tug reported, at about 0115 local time, the barge struck a submerged object and was taking on water. An unknown quantity of fuel oil has leaked from a breech in the double hull. The Company maintains significant insurance, including protection and indemnity liability coverage as well as hull and machinery coverage for the vessel. Accordingly, the Company expects no material financial impact from this incident 2005 - Bulk Ever Mighty (39,376 grt, built 1996), Ventspils to UK, 63,000 tons of coal, ran aground on Hatter Reef in the early hours of the morning. SvitzerWijsmuller tug Egil from its Kalundborg station is on the scene. It was discovered by a passing vessel with pilot on board. He saw the vessel make no speed and with a 15 degree list 2005 - Sailors from USS Carl Vinson completed the final milestone in the transition of the "Gold Eagle" from the fleet to the shipyard Nov. 11 by moving the "Gold Eagle" from Pier 14 at Naval Station Norfolk to drydock 11 at Northrop Grumman Newport News shipyard, beginning in earnest the ship's refueling and complex overhaul (RCOH) 2005 - Submarine veterans were honored in a Veterans Day ceremony held at Pearl Harbor Naval Station. Among those remembered were the 86 men lost in 1945 aboard USS Lagarto (SS 371), whose wreckage was discovered by divers in the Gulf of Thailand earlier this year. Rear Adm. James Beebe, deputy commander of Submarine Force, US Pacific Fleet, spoke about the multiple missions that submarines carried out during World War II, calling submarines "a crucial component of our nation's victory" 2006 - Secretary Chertoff, Coast Guard Commandant Admiral Thad Allen, and ship sponsor Meryl Chertoff will participate Christening Ceremony for USCG Bertholf at Northrop Grumman Ship Systems Pascagoula 2007 - 30 sailors from HMAS Sydney participate in the Victoria BC Remembrance Day parade 2007 - Vice-Admiral Andrzej Karweta appointed by the President of Republic of Poland new Commander-in-Chief of the Polish Navy. He replaced Fleet Admiral Roman Krzyzelewski at a ceremony in Warsaw. Krzyzelewski was Commander-in-Chief since October 2003 Copyright 2008 Shirlaw News Group ISSN 1710-6966 Today in History Archives This information is licensed to the recipient only. Images may be subject to copyright. Ask before you right-click. 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